Oil burner



Patented Oct. 21, 1930 PATENT OFFICE" THEODORE H. ICKENROTH, oroinI'rA'PAnmcamronNIA oIL BURNER Application'flled January 5,1929."Serial No. 330,636.

This invention relates to improvements in liquid fuel burners andresldes'm the pro- Vision of a simplyconstructed, inexpensive.

and efficient oil burner which is particularly "6 adapted for use instoves, ranges, and the like and also in furnaces, the construction andarrangement of the burner of this invention providingforthoroughvaporizationof low grade, as low' as 32 gravity, fuel and for proper and'efiective combustion of the vaporized fuel without the use offorceddraft.

One of the purposes of'the invention is to provide a burnerofthecharacter described which will producea hot flame for heavy duty asrequired in hotel and yrestaurant ranges, furnaces and boilers, with. a'low fuel consumption and without a forced draft.

A further object is'to provide an, oil burner of the character describedwhich may be readily and easily taken down. and 3 ready access hadthereto for cleaning or; repair thereof/j The burnerof this inventionisgcharacter ized by a novel form' of distributing head in .J With theabove mentioned and other 'objects' in View, the invention consists-inthe HOVQl' COIIStIUCtIOII and combination of parts hereinafterdescribed, illustrated in the a0- .c'ompanying drawings, andset forthin-the claims hereto appended, it being understood that various .changesin the form, proportion,

size and minor details of construction within the scope of the claimsmay be resorted to without departing from the spirit or sacrificinganyof the advantages of the invention. Referring to the drawings: I Fig. 1'representsa vertical sectional view of a burner constructed inaccordance with this invention and appearing as when .installed in astove or furnace.

2 rep-resents "a horizontal sectional view taken on the plane of line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

The preferred. embodiment of this invention as illustrated in detail inthe accompanying drawings comprises an annular ring or frame member 1 ofangular form "in cross section V. and adapted for attaching to the Anannular-plate 2' is removably supported in theopen'frame 1, there beingco-acting lugs 3 and 4 on the ring and plate for this purpose. Thisplateisprovided with an annular trough 5 foroil to be ignited in starting theburner. It is also provided with a central air intake opening 6, throughwhich the oil feed pipe 7 extends upwardly. This air intake opening isscrew threaded and receives an externally threaded- .sleeve 8 having aninwardly extending annular flangev 9, the upper side ofwhich is-beveledas at 10. The

size of the air intake opening is varied by verticaladjustmentof-thissleeve and flange and the amount of air to the burnermay burner in the fire box of astove or furnace.

easily regulated by this arrangementxThe upper end of the pipe 7 screwsinto a nipple 11 which depends from the center of a domelike vaporgenerating chamber 12 which lat {The chamber 12 is made of two parts,the

lower of which is ini'the form of saucer-like plate. 13.with'upturned-outer edges, which latter abut the lower edges of anapproximately semi-spherical upper part 14 of the chamber. Formedcentrally. of and on the upperside of the part 13 is an upstandingcylindrical enlargementv 15, from the upper end of which a projection 16extends and is sockete'd .in a dependi1ig boss-16"on theupper partl l ofthe chamber.

I Oil from the feed pipe 7 will pass into'a-n upright bore 17 in saidmember 15 and from thence into the. chamber 12 through lateral passages18 formediin the member 15.

An. annular concavo-convex shield 19 is supported on the member 15- withits con "cave side-opposed tothe plate-like part '13 of said chamber,and itszperiphery spaced from the said part 13. Vapors generatedTheseipassagesopen near the center of the under side of the. chamber12'into' the combustron' and mixing space provided between the chamber12 and the plate 2. An annular bafile plate 21 is mounted on the nipple11 and extends between the outlet ends of the passage 20 and the airintake opening 6 in the plate This plate causes the air and oil vaporsto travel unmixed, a short distance lateraly into the combustion spacebe? fore mixing and by this arrangement, a better atomization of thefuel takes place at and adjacent to the periphery of said baflie plate,which latter rests on lugs 22 carried by the plate 2.

In the operation of the burner of this invention, assuming that it isinstalled in a stove or furnace or other apparatus, and is arranged asshown in Fig. 1, with the pipe 7 connected with a suitable source offuel supply, not shown, on turning on the fuel so that it will flow intothe chamber 12, a suitable amount of liquid fuel will seep through thejoint at the point X and drop into the trough 5. This oil is ignited sothat the heat generated will bring about a vaporization of the fuelcontained in the chamber 12. The liquid fuel passes from the lateralpassages 18 into the saucer-like bottom 13 and gravitates towards theouter perimeter of said bottom. This liquid fuel flowing over the heatedpart 13 is readily vaporized and the vapors pass upward around theshield 19 and then pass downward through the discharge passages 20 intothe space between the bottom of the chamber 12 and the plate 2. The fuelthen passes laterally over the top of the baflle plate 21 where at theouter periphery of said plate, it encounters currents of atmospheric airand admixture of the air and fuel takes place at this point. The flamesare directed outward and upward around the chamber from underneath thesame. The atmospheric air passes up through the opening 6 between thesleeve 8, pipe 7 and bafiie plate 21. The amount of atmospehric airadmitted to support combustion is regulated by adjustment of the sleeve8; When the sleeve is moved upward, the beveled face 10 of the flange 9is moved closer to the nipple 11 and plate 21, thereby restricting theair passage and shutting down the air supply. In causing the air andvaporized fuel to be directed outwardly and laterally a short distancebefore commingling. a better atomization of the vaporized fuel isprovided for and a hot and effective flame is produced. The flame, informing beneath the chamber, then passing upward and around the edge ofthe same. provides for effective heating of the lower part of thechamber and assures a proper vaporization of the liquid fuel as it flowsdownward along said part 13 of the vaporizing chamber. The vapor insteadof being directed downwardly as is customary in burners of this type, iscaused to be passed upwardly around the shield 19 which acts as abattle, and the complete vaporization takes place before the fuel can bedischarged into the combustion chamber through the passages 20. In thisway the fuel is thorougly vaporized by the time it is discharged and noraw fuel can escape. The shield 19 prevents that portion of the part 13over which the fuel flows during vaporization, from becoming overheated.The heat from the upper portion 14: of the chamber 12 would overheat theplate or part 13 and cause a carbon encrustation to form in the chamberif it were not for the presence of the shield 19 and in this way saidshield serves a two-fold purpose inasmuch as it also causes an upwardpassage of vapor over it before discharge of vapor from the chamber.After initial use of the burner, the oil will seep through the joint ofthe parts 13 and 14 comprising said chamber 12, and drop into the trough5 so that there will be ready at all times for ignition, a suitablequantity of fuel to heat the vaporizing chamber at the starting of theburner operation. If de sired, a pilot burner indicated by the nu meral23, may be employed, said burner being connected with a suitable sourceof gas or other fuel, not shown.

The burner of this invention operates without causing objectionablecarbon formations or deposits. Another advantage of this invention isthe provision for a quick and easy repairing or cleaning of the burner.It is only necessary to disconnect the pipe 7 from its line of supply offuel, not shown, then turn the pipe 7 so as to disengage the co-actinglugs 3 and 4t to provide for removal of the burner. After thisadjustment of the burner it may be readily lowered through the ring orframe 1 and then removed from the firebox.

The baffle plate 21 prevents condensation of fuel vapors at a pointimmediately over the air intake opening 6 and thereby prevents droppingof oil down through said opening. This plate also prevents combustionfrom taking place immediately at the outlet ends of the passages 20 andby this arrangement, the combustion does not take place until the vaporsand air have passed laterally away from said passages 20 a shortdistance. The combustion becomes greater towards the outer edge of thechamber 12 and is complete at points over the annular air space 24defined between the plate 2 and frame 1. The sleeve '8 is adjusted. toregulate the amount of air passing through the intake opening 6, inconsideration of the draft force in the stove or furnace in which theburner is installed. This adjustment is such to permit just sufficientair to cause a gradually increasing combustion towards the outer edge ofthe chamber 12 rather than a full, sudden combustion. By thisarrangement proper and effective combustion is provided for withoutappreciable noise. The passages 20 are in the form of 'arcuate slots toprovide for abetter and more even distribution of the fuel resulting ina better and more even flame.

I claim:"

1. A liquid fuel burner comprising an open frame; a plate mounted insaid frame, being imperforate except for a central or intake opening;wardly through said opening; a closed atomizing chamber mounted on andsupported by said pipe above and in spaced relation to the plate, saidchamber having passages in the walls thereof communicating the pipe withthe interior thereof and beingprovided with" her being lowerable throughthe frame.

2. A liquid fuel burner comprising a closed vaporizing chamber having afuel intake opening on its lower side and provided with a vapordischarge opening, the entrance of which is disposed abovethe plane ofthe discharge end of the fuel intake opening.

within said chamber, and the outlet of which vapor discharge opening isdisposed adjacent to the central portion of the under side of thechamber; a baffle plate mounted above the bottom of the chamberinteriorly thereof, with its outer periphery disposed close to butspacedupwardly from the bottom of the chamber adjacent the outer wall of thelatter, over the top of which bafli'e plate, fuel j vapor passes intosaid discharge opening, a

base spaced from the bottom of'chamber having an air intake openingopposite said vapor discharge'opening; and a second baffle platedisposed between the vapor discharge and the said air intake openings tocause lateral'movement of the air and of the vaporized fuelbefore'commingling of-said air and vaporized fuel. i

3. A liquid fuelburner comprising a closed vaporizing chamber, a centralenlargement interiorly thereof, projecting upwardly from the bottomofthe chamber, said enlargement having a fuel intake passage extendingfirst upwardly, then laterally therein, and being also provided withfuel-discharge openings extending vertically therethrough, with theirintake ends disposed above-the plane of the discharge ends of the intakepassage, and the discharge ends of saidopenings located close to thecenter of thelower side of the chamber;

a fuel feed pipe extending up.-

and an annular plate of substantially concavo-convex form supported bysaid enlargement in upwardly spaced relation to the bottom of thechamber and with its outer periphery spaced from the adjacent walls ofthe chamber to provide'an annular passage for vapor, upwardly throughwhich passage the vapor will rise towards said discharge openings. p

4. A liquid fuel burner comprising an open frame; a plate mounted on theframe, being imperforate except for anair intake opening thereon; a fuelfeed pipe extending upwardly through said opening; a closed atomizingchamber mounted on the pipe above and in spaced relation to the plate, abattle member in the chamber disposed between the bottom and the top ofthe chamber andbeing spaced from the circumferential Wall of thechamber, sail chamberhavingpassages in the 'cen-.

tral walls thereof to connect said feed pipe with the interior ofthechamberbelow the baffle plate, and being provided with vapor outletopenings connecting the interior of the chamber above the bafile platewith the space between the chamber and the plate, said 7 vaporoutletpassages discharging the vapor at a point substantially oppositethe said air intake opening; and a baffle plate between the air intakeopening and the discharge of the outlet passages causing lateralmovement of air and vaporized fuel before commingling of said air andvaporized fuel.

5. A liquid fuel burner comprising an open frame; a plate. mounted onthe frame,-being imperforate except for an airintake opening thereon; afuel feed pipe extending upwardly through said opening; a closedatomizing chamber mounted on the pipe above and in spaced relation tothe plate, a bafile member in the chamber disposedvbetween the bottomand the top of the chamber and being spaced I from the circumferentialwall of the chamber,

said chamber having passages in the central walls thereof .to connectsaid feed pipe with the interior of the chamber below the bafiie plate,and being provided withvapor outlet openings connecting the interior ofthe chamber above the baffle plate with the space between the chamberand the plate, saidvapor outlet passages discharging the vapor at apoint substantially opposite the said air intake opening; a baflie platebetween the air intake opening and the discharge of the out-' letpassages causing lateral movement of air and vaporized fuel, beforec'ommingling of said air'and vaporized fuel; and means for varying thesize of the said air intake openin THEODORE H. ICKENROTH."

